أسبـاب الخـلاف المتعلقة بالأمر والنهي عند المازري من خلال كتابه (شرح التلقين) جمعاً وتوثيقاً ودراسة

ملخص البحث
يعدّ علم أسباب الخلاف أحد أهم الأركان الأساسية في تخريج الفروع على الأصول، فبها تعرف أصول العلماء والمأخذ التي بنوا عليه أقوالهم الفقهية.
 وتظهر عناية العلماء ببيان أسباب الخلاف في مؤلفاتهم الفقهية، مما يزيد الصلة بين علمي الأصول والفقه، ويربط بين الأثر الفقهي والتقعيد الأصولي، مما يؤكد أهمية العناية بهذا العلم، وضرورة استقراء المؤلفات التي عنيت به، ومن هذه الكتب: كتاب شرح التلقين للمازري المالكي المتوفى سنة 536هـ
وتعود أهمية الموضوع من جهات متعددة؛ الأولى: عمدة المتن الفقهي الذي استند إليه الشرح، وهو متن التلقين للإمام للقاضي عبد الوهاب المالكي، الثانية: كون المازري أحد محققي المذهب المالكي، وكتابه شرح التلقين من كتب الخلاف العالي، الثالث: كون علم أسباب الخلاف من العلوم التي يستند إليها في الترجيح الفقهي والتقعيد الأصولي.
ولكون الأسباب التي يرجع إليها الخلاف متعدّدة فقد ارتأيت الاقتصار على باب الأمر والنهي، وأثر الخلاف فيه في الفروع الفقهية سواءً في العبادات أو المعاملات.
وقد توصل البحث إلى وجود عدد من الفروع الفقهية كان الخلاف فيها مبنياً على مسائل عدّة في الأمر والنهي، كمسألة دلالة الأمر المجرد عن القرائن، ودلالة النهي على الفساد وغير ذلك من المسائل الأصولية، ووجه كونها سبب للخلاف من منظور المازري، وعند الأئمة الأربعة.
Abstract:
The knowledge of the causes of disagreement is one of the most important basic pillars in grading the branches on the principles, as through it you know the principles of scholars and the basis on which they based their jurisprudential statements. The scholars’ care to explain the causes of disagreement appears in their jurisprudential works, which increases the connection between the sciences of fundamentals and jurisprudence, and links the jurisprudential impact with the fundamentalist strictures, which confirms the importance of paying attention to this science and the necessity of extrapolating the literature that dealt with it, and among these are Books : The Book of Explanation of Indoctrination by Al-Mazari Al-Maliki, who died in the year 536 AH The importance of the topic comes from multiple aspects: The first: The main body of the jurisprudential text on which the explanation was based, which is the text of the imam’s indoctrination by Judge Abd al-Wahhab al-Maliki. The second: The fact that al-Mazari is one of the investigators of the Maliki doctrine, and his book Sharh al-Tilqin is one of the books of high disagreement. The third: The fact that the science of the causes of disagreement is one of the sciences on which jurisprudence is based. And fundamentalist restriction.
Because the reasons to which the disagreement is due are multiple, I decided to limit myself to the chapter on commands and prohibitions, and the impact of the disagreement therein on the branches of jurisprudence, whether in acts of worship or transactions.
The research found that there were a number of branches of jurisprudence in which the disagreement was based on several issues of command and prohibition.
Such as the issue of the significance of the command devoid of evidence, and the significance of the prohibition on corruption and other fundamentalist issues, and the reason for it being a cause of disagreement from Al-Mazari’s perspective, and according to The four imams.